The seven cases
- UPPER CASE
- Every letter capitalised.
- lower case
- Every letter uncapitalised.
- Title Case
- First letter of every word capitalised. Useful for headings, though house styles differ on short words.
- Sentence case
- First letter of every sentence capitalised, the rest lowered.
- camelCase
- Words joined, each after the first capitalised. Common in JavaScript and Java identifiers.
- snake_case
- Words joined by underscores, all lower. Common in Python and SQL.
- kebab-case
- Words joined by hyphens, all lower. Used for URLs, CSS classes and file names.
Notes
Sentence case lowers the whole text first, so proper nouns lose their capitals and need restoring by hand. There is no reliable way to detect a name automatically.
The identifier cases drop punctuation entirely, since a hyphen or apostrophe is not valid in most identifiers.
Questions
Does converting to sentence case keep names capitalised?
No. The text is lowered first, so proper nouns lose their capitals and have to be restored by hand. No converter can reliably tell a name from an ordinary word.
What is the difference between title case and capitalised case?
Title case here capitalises the first letter of every word. Published title styles lower short words such as of and the, which is a house style decision rather than a rule.